16.1.1 Topicalization

Topicalization is represented as A'-movement if it involves extraction of the topic from within an embedded domain. In such case, the dash tag -LFD is assigned to the topicalized phrase. The co-indexation with a trace *ICH* – inserted in the site where the movement originates – indicates the syntactic function of the topic.
( (IP-MAT (NP-LFD-1 (D-F Esta) (N carta))
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (VB-P reconheço)
	  (CP-THT (C que)
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *ICH*-1)                            ☜ embedded IP
			  (NEG não)
			  (SR-P é)
			  (ADJP (ADJ-G alegre))))
	  (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID O_001,181.2112))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (, ,)
	  (NP-LFD-1 (D-P os)
		    (N-P cristãaos)
		    (CP-REL (WNP-2 (WPRO que))
			    (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ (D-P os) (N-P mouros))
				    (VB-D levavam)
				    (IP-SMC (NP-SBJ *T*-2)
					    (ADJP (ADJ-P cativos))))))
	  (, ,)
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (VB-D mandou)
	  (CP-THT (C que)
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *ICH*-1)                                                                                                        ☜ embedded IP
			  (SR-SD fossem)
			  (ADJP (ADJ-G-P livres) (CONJ e) (ADJ-G-P quites))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID CGE351,.16))

( (IP-MAT (NP-LFD-1 (DEM Isto))
	  (NP-DAT (CL me))
	  (VB-D disse)
	  (NP-SBJ (PRO ela))
	  (CP-THT (C que)
		  (IP-SUB (NP-ACC *ICH*-1)                            ☜ embedded IP
			  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (VB-D fazia)))
	  (. .))
  (POSTSCRIPTUM; ID CARDS4009,.7))

( (IP-MAT (ADVP (ADV Pero))
	  (NP-LFD-1 (Q todo) (DEM esto))
	  (NP-SBJ (PRO elle))
	  (HV-D avya)
	  (PP (P de)
	      (IP-INF (NP-ACC *ICH*-1)                 ☜ embedded IP
		      (VB sofrer)
		      (PP (P con)
			  (NP (ADJ-G grande)
			      (N bondade)
			      (CP-REL (WNP-2 (WPRO que))
				      (IP-SUB (NP-ACC *T*-2)
					      (NP-SBJ *exp*)
					      (PP (P em)
						  (NP (PRO elle)))
					      (HV-D avya)))))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID CGE341,.92))

( (IP-MAT (PP-LFD-1 (P A@)
		    (NP (D @o) (NPR vice-rei)))
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NEG não)
	  (VB-R deixarei)
	  (PP (P de)
	      (IP-INF (PP *ICH*-1)                    ☜ embedded IP
		      (VB escrever)
		      (NP-ACC (CP-FRL (WNP-2 (D o) (WPRO que))
				      (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-2)
					      (VB-P convém))))))
	  (. .))
  (POST SCRIPTUM; ID CARDS4051,.1))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ e)
	  (PP-LFD-1 (P a)
		    (NP (DEM isto)))
	  (VB-D-1P chamávamos)
	  (NP-SBJ (PRO nós))
	  (IP-SMC (PP-SBJ *ICH*-1)                    ☜ embedded IP
		  (NP-PRD (D-F a) (N tranca)))
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID PVC10,27))

( (IP-MAT-SPE (PP-LFD-1 (P D@)
			(NP (D-F @essa)))
	      (VB-P sei)
	      (NP-SBJ (PRO eu))
	      (CP-THT (C que)
		      (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ (PRO você))            ☜ embedded IP
			      (SR-P é)
			      (NP-ACC (PP *ICH*-1)
                                      (N filho))))
	      (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID B_005_PSD,31.847))

( (IP-MAT (PP-LFD-1 (P D@)
		    (NP (D-F @a)
			(ADJ-R-G maior)
			(N parte)
			(PP (P d@)
			    (NP (D-P @aqueles) (N-P factos)))))
	  (SR-D (SR-D foi) (CONJ e) (SR-P é))
	  (NP-SBJ (PRO$-F Vossa) (NPR Senhoria))
	  (NP-ACC (PP *ICH*-1)                                                                             ☜ NP
		  (N testemunha))
	  (, ,))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID B_008,28.244))

( (NP-VOC (INTJ Ó)
          (N arcebispo)
	  (ADJ pecador)
	  (CP-REL (WNP-1 (WPRO que))
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-1)
			  (ADVP-LFD-2 (ADV aqui))
			  (NP-SE (CL te))
			  (VB-P atreves)
			  (PP (P a)
			      (IP-INF (ADVP *ICH*-2)        ☜ embedded IP
				      (VB entrar)))))
	  (. !))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID S_001_PSD,58.629))

This scheme is not extended to cases in which topicalization does not involve extraction (see below for examples).


( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NP-ACC (D O) (N alvará))                                            ☜ NP fronted from a non embedded domain
	  (ADVP (ADV já))
	  (VB-D requeri)
	  (NP-ADV (NUM 2) (N-P vezes))
	  (. .))
  (POST SCRIPTUM; ID CARDS0008,.29)) 

( (IP-MAT (PP (P @De)                                                                            ☜ PP fronted from a non embedded domain
              (NP (D @o)
                  (N porco)))
          (, ,)
          (NP-SBJ *pro*)
          (VB-D-1S gostava)
          (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID CBV58,21))
Topicalized phrases may be annotated equally under IP or CP. Whenever a CP is projected, the topic is annotated under CP only if it precedes a CP constituent.

( (CP-QUE (ADVP (ADV Então))
	  (, ,)
	  (NP-LFD-1 (D esse) (N enfermeiro))                            ☜ LFD under CP
	  (, ,)
	  (WNP-2 (WPRO que))
	  (IP-IND (NP-ACC *T*-2)
		  (NP-SBJ *ICH*-1)
		  (NP-DAT (CL me))
		  (VB-D-3S fazia))
	  (. ?))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID VPA40,41))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ (PRO Eu))
	  (NP-ACC (CL o))
	  (VB-P creio)
	  (CP-ADV (C porque)
		  (IP-SUB (NP-LFD-1 (D este) (N fidalgo))                                ☜ LFD under IP
			  (NP-SBJ-2 *exp*)
			  (ADVP (ADV-NEG jamais))
			  (NP-DAT (CL me))
			  (VB-P parece)
			  (CP-THT-2 (C que)
				    (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *ICH*-1)
					    (SR-D foi)
					    (ADVP (ADV bem))
					    (VB-AN visto)
					    (PP (P d@)
					        (NP (D-F-P @as) (N-P gentes)))))))
	  (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID C_001_PSD,31.529))