CP-CLF labels the different kinds of EP cleft constructions:
| a. Wh-cleft: | Foi o sarapatel o que a minha mulher fez. | | b. Cleft: | Foi o sarapatel que a minha mulher fez. | | c. Basic Pseudocleft: | O que a minha mulher fez foi o sarapatel. | | d. Inverted Pseudocleft: | O sarapatel foi o que a minha mulher fez. | | e. 'é que' Inverted Pseudocleft: | O sarapatel é que a minha mulher fez. | | f. Basic Semipseudocleft: | A minha mulher fez foi o sarapatel. |
The different types vary with respect to:
- presence vs. absence of complementizer que (b and e vs. a, c, d and f, above);
- presence vs. absence of a lexical wh-element (a, c and d vs. b, e and f, above);
- word order: be-XP-Pred (a and b), XP-be-Pred (d and e), Pred-be-XP (c and f).
Clefts are annotated as follows:
- whenever a lexical wh-element is present this is regularly annotated as WXP and no (null) C is inserted - e.g. o que above is annotated as (WNP (D o) (WPRO que));
- when there is no lexical wh-element, an empty operator is inserted and coindexed with a trace under the IP where the gap is interpreted;
- the subject of BE is always a null expletive;
See the following subsections for details and examples:
|
|
